科研助力 | 探索土壤碳循環的奧秘

　　土壤呼吸是陸地生態系統碳通量的重要環節，對全球碳循環和氣候變化研究具有決定性影響。如何精準測量CO₂、CH₄、N₂O等溫室氣體通量？如何在極端環境中實現長期、穩定、高精度監測？

　　How to achieve long-term, stable, and high-precision monitoring in extreme environments?

　　PS-9000便攜式土壤碳通量自動測量系統

　　理加聯合（LICA）憑借16年技術深耕，推出 SF-3000/3500、PS-9000、PS-3000、PS-3010等一系列土壤呼吸監測系統。銷量突破 539 套，2287 臺呼吸室（截至 2024 年底），國內外研究機構與高校廣泛使用，論文發表覆蓋nature communication、Journal of Environmental Management、Science of the Total Environment等期刊！

　　SF-3500 系列多通道土壤氣體通量測量系統

　　PS-3010超便攜CH₄/CO₂土壤呼吸系統

　　科研信賴——部分文獻

1. Zhang, R.; Qu, Z.; Yang, W.; Wang, L.; Zhang, D.; Liu, L.; Li, J.; Zhang, Z. Biochar Addition Enhances Annual Carbon Stocks and Ecosystem Carbon Sink Intensity in Saline Soils of the Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia. Plant Soil Environ. 2024, 70 (5), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.17221/121/2023-PSE.

2. Xu, Y.; Liao, B.; Jiang, Z.; Xin, K.; Xiong, Y.; Guan, W. Emission of Greenhouse Gases (CH4 and CO2) into the Atmosphere from Restored Mangrove Soil in South China. Journal of Coastal Research 2020, 37 (1). https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-20-00054.1.

3. Zhang, R.; Qu, Z.; Yang, W.; Li, J.; Wang, L.; Liu, Q.; Zhang, D.; Qiao, T.; Zhao, Y. Evaluating Annual Soil Carbon Emissions under Biochar-Added Farmland Subjecting from Freeze-Thaw Cycle. Journal of Environmental Management 2024, 365, 121506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121506.

4. Zhang, R.; Qu, Z.; Liu, L.; Yang, W.; Wang, L.; Li, J.; Zhang, D. Soil Respiration and Organic Carbon Response to Biochar and Their Influencing Factors. Atmosphere 2022, 13 (12), 2038. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13122038.

5. Li, Y.; Wang, G.; Bing, H.; Wang, T.; Huang, K.; Song, C.; Chen, X.; Hu, Z.; Rui, P.; Song, X.; Chang, R. Watershed Scale Patterns and Controlling Factors of Ecosystem Respiration and Methane Fluxes in a Tibetan Alpine Grassland. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2021, 306, 108451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108451.

6. Wang, P.; Ouyang, W.; Zhu, W.; Cui, X.; Wang, J.; Lin, C. Dissolved Organic Matter Movements from Forests Influence Downstream Soil CO2Flux during Thawing. CATENA 2023, 233, 107497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107497.

7. Ouyang, W.; Wang, P.; Liu, S.; Hao, X.; Wu, Z.; Cui, X.; Jin, R.; Zhu, W.; Lin, C. Rainfall Stimulates Large Carbon Dioxide Emission during Growing Season in a Forest Wetland Catchment. Journal of Hydrology 2021, 602, 126892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126892.

8. Shang, X.; Gao, T.; Yao, T.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Luo, X.; Chen, R.; Kang, S. Riverine Carbon Dioxide Release in the Headwater Region of the Qilian Mountains, Northern China. Journal of Hydrology 2024, 632, 130832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130832.

9. Guan, X.; Zhang, Y.; Niu, H.; Shi, P.; Cao, M.; Zu, P.; Xu, D.; Zhao, Q.; Wang, B.; Cui, L.; Gómez, J. A. Seasonal Evolution of Soil Respiration and Sources of Respirable Carbon in Three Forest Stands on the Loess Plateau of China. Land Degrad Dev 2024, 35 (18), 5701–5712. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5325.

10. Fan, L.; Cheng, J.; Xie, Y.; Xu, L.; Buttler, A.; Wu, Y.; Fan, H.; Wu, Y. Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Drivers of CH4 and CO₂Fluxes from Rivers and Lakes in Highly Urbanized Areas. Science of The Total Environment 2024, 918, 170689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170689.

11. (Meng, Y.; Li, P.; Liu, X.; Xiao, L.; Liu, J.; Zhang, C.; Yang, S.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Wang, B. Variability in the Home-Field Advantage of Litter Decomposition Mediates Alterations in Soil CO₂and CH₄Fluxes: A Transplantation Experiment Study. Science of The Total Environment 2024, 951, 175685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175685.

12. Wang, P.; Ouyang, W.; Zhu, W.; Geng, F.; Tulcan, R. X. S.; Lin, C. Wetland Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission Dynamics with External Dissolved Organic Matter in Mid–High-Latitude Forested Watershed. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2023, 333, 109381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109381.

13. Yan, Z.; Kang, E.; Zhang, K.; Hao, Y.; Wang, X.; Li, Y.; Li, M.; Wu, H.; Zhang, X.; Yan, L.; Zhang, W.; Li, J.; Yang, A.; Niu, Y.; Kang, X. Asynchronous Responses of Microbial CAZymes Genes and the Net CO₂Exchange in Alpine Peatland Following 5 Years of Continuous Extreme Drought Events. ISME Communications 2022, 2 (1), 115. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43705-022-00200-w.

14. Zhuang, W.; Li, Y.; Kang, X.; Yan, L.; Zhang, X.; Yan, Z.; Zhang, K.; Yang, A.; Niu, Y.; Yu, X.; Wang, H.; An, M.; Che, R. Changes in Soil Oxidase Activity Induced by Microbial Life History Strategies Mediate the Soil Heterotrophic Respiration Response to Drought and Nitrogen Enrichment. Front. Microbiol. 2024, 15, 1375300. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1375300.

15. Qi, S.; Yang, S.; Yu, W.; Hu, J.; Ma, C.; Jiang, Z.; Qiu, H.; Xu, Y. CO₂Fluxes Over Water-Saving Paddy Fields with Different Straw Management Methods on the Basis of the Same Amount of Carbon Input. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 2024, 24 (2), 2577–2588. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01679-z.

16. Yu, X.; Hao, Y.; Yan, Z.; Li, Y.; Yang, A.; Niu, Y.; Liu, J.; Kang, E.; Zhang, K.; Yan, L.; Zhuang, W.; Zhang, X.; Kang, X. Effects of Gradient Warming on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Zoige Plateau Peatland. Water 2025, 17 (2), 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17020241.

17. Kang, E.; Li, Y.; Zhang, X.; Yan, Z.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, K.; Yan, L.; Wu, H.; Li, M.; Niu, Y.; Yang, A.; Wang, J.; Kang, X. Extreme Drought Decreases Soil Heterotrophic Respiration but Not Methane Flux by Modifying the Abundance of Soil Microbial Functional Groups in Alpine Peatland. CATENA 2022, 212, 106043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106043.

18. Yan, Z.; Wang, J.; Liu, Y.; You, Z.; Zhang, J.; Guo, F.; Gao, H.; Li, L.; Wan, S. Maize/Peanut Intercropping Reduces Carbon Footprint Size and Improves Net Ecosystem Economic Benefits in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region: A Four-Year Study. Agronomy 2023, 13 (5), 1343. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051343.

19. Yan, Z.; Kang, E.; Zhang, K.; Li, Y.; Hao, Y.; Wu, H.; Li, M.; Zhang, X.; Wang, J.; Yan, L.; Kang, X. Plant and Soil Enzyme Activities Regulate CO₂Efflux in Alpine Peatlands After 5 Years of Simulated Extreme Drought. Front. Plant Sci. 2021, 12, 756956. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.756956.

20. Wang, X.; Li, Y.; Hao, Y.; Kang, E.; Han, J.; Zhang, X.; Li, M.; Zhang, K.; Yan, L.; Yang, A.; Niu, Y.; Kang, X.; Yan, Z. Soil Temperature and Fungal Diversity Jointly Modulate Soil Heterotrophic Respiration under Short-Term Warming in the Zoige Alpine Peatland. Journal of Environmental Management 2024, 370, 122778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122778.

21. Chen, Y.; Qin, W.; Zhang, Q.; Wang, X.; Feng, J.; Han, M.; Hou, Y.; Zhao, H.; Zhang, Z.; He, J.-S.; Torn, M. S.; Zhu, B. Whole-Soil Warming Leads to Substantial Soil Carbon Emission in an Alpine Grassland. Nat Commun 2024, 15 (1), 4489. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48736-w.

22. Chen, Y.; Qin, W.; Zhang, Q.; Wang, X.; Feng, J.; Han, M.; Hou, Y.; Zhao, H.; Zhang, Z.; He, J.-S.; Torn, M. S.; Zhu, B. Whole-Soil Warming Leads to Substantial Soil Carbon Emission in an Alpine Grassland. Nat Commun 2024, 15 (1), 4489. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48736-w.

23. Chen, Y., Qin, W., Zhang, Q. et al. Whole-soil warming leads to substantial soil carbon emission in an alpine grassland. Nat Commun 15, 4489 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48736-w

24. Ma, L.; Zhong, M.; Zhu, Y.; Yang, H.; Johnson, D. A.; Rong, Y. Annual Methane Budgets of Sheep Grazing Systems Were Regulated by Grazing Intensities in the Temperate Continental Steppe: A Two-Year Case Study. Atmospheric Environment 2018, 174, 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.024.

25. Li, S.; Ma, Q.; Zhou, C.; Yu, W.; Shangguan, Z. Applying Biochar under Topsoil Facilitates Soil Carbon Sequestration: A Case Study in a Dryland Agricultural System on the Loess Plateau. Geoderma 2021, 403, 115186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115186.

26. Dong, Q.; Liu, Y.; He, P.; Du, W. Belowground Biomass Changed the Regulatory Factors of Soil N2O Funder N and Water Additions in a Temperate Steppe of Inner Mongolia. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 2024, 24 (1), 606–617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01569-w.

27. Jing-jing, Z.; Jin-song, Z.; Ping, M.; Ning, Z.; Jian-xia, L. Change of Soil CH4 Fluxes of Ｒobinia Pseudoacacia Stand During Non-Growing Season and the Impact Factors.

28. Yang, L.; Zhang, Q.; Jin, H.; Ma, Z.; Jin, X.; Marchenko, S. S.; He, R.; Spektor, V. V.; Chang, X. CO₂and CH₄Fluxes from Forest Soil in the Northern Da Xing’anling Mountains in Northeast China during the Freezing and Thawing Periods of near-Surface Soil in 2018–2019. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2023, 38 (4), 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2208874.

29. Su, C.; Kang, R.; Huang, W.; Wang, A.; Li, X.; Huang, K.; Zhou, Q.; Fang, Y. CO₂Removal with Enhanced Wollastonite Weathering in Acidic and Calcareous Soils. Soil Ecol. Lett. 2025, 7 (1), 240273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-024-0273-z.

30. Xu, X.; Wu, H.; Yue, J.; Tang, S.; Cheng, W. Effects of Snow Cover on Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Their δ13C Values of Temperate Forest Soils with and without Litter. Forests 2023, 14 (7), 1384. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14071384.

31. Pan, Z.; Wei, Z.; Ma, L.; Rong, Y. Effects of Various Stocking Rates on Grassland Soil Respiration during the Non-Growing Season. Acta Ecologica Sinica 2016, 36 (6), 411–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2016.09.004.

32. Qu, S.; Xu-Ri; Yu, J.; Borjigidai, A. Extensive Atmospheric Methane Consumption by Alpine Forests on Tibetan Plateau. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2023, 339, 109589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109589.

33. Li, X.; Quan, Z.; Huang, K.; Kang, R.; Su, C.; Liu, D.; Ma, J.; Chen, X.; Fang, Y. High Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Greenhouse Vegetable Production System in Shouguang, Northern China. Atmospheric Environment 2024, 319, 120264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120264.

34. Rong, Y.; Ma, L.; Johnson, D. A. Methane Uptake by Four Land-Use Types in the Agro-Pastoral Region of Northern China. Atmospheric Environment 2015, 116, 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.06.003.

35. Shu, Y.; Chuying, G.; Jiayin, H.; Leiming, Z.; Guanhua, D.; Xuefa, W.; Guirui, Y. Modelling Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from a Broad-Leaved Korean Pine Forest in Changbai Mountain: Forest-DNDC Model Validation.

36. Ren, S.; Liu, Y.; He, P.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, C. Nitrogen and Water Additions Affect N₂O Dynamics in Temperate Steppe by Regulating Soil Matrix and Microbial Abundance. Agriculture 2025, 15 (3), 283. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15030283.

37. Pan, Z.; Johnson, D. A.; Wei, Z.; Ma, L.; Rong, Y. Non-Growing Season Soil CO₂Efflux Patterns in Five Land-Use Types in Northern China. Atmospheric Environment 2016, 144, 160–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.085.

38. Yang, L.; Zhang, Q.; Ma, Z.; Jin, H.; Chang, X.; Marchenko, S. S.; Spektor, V. V. Seasonal Variations in Temperature Sensitivity of Soil Respiration in a Larch Forest in the Northern Daxing’an Mountains in Northeast China. J. For. Res. 2022, 33 (3), 1061–1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-021-01346-4.

39. Zhang, J.; He, P.; Liu, Y.; Du, W.; Jing, H.; Nie, C. Soil Properties and Microbial Abundance Explain Variations in N2O Fluxes from Temperate Steppe Soil Treated with Nitrogen and Water in Inner Mongolia, China. Applied Soil Ecology 2021, 165, 103984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.103984.

40. Rong, Y.; Ma, L.; Johnson, D. A.; Yuan, F. Soil Respiration Patterns for Four Major Land-Use Types of the Agro-Pastoral Region of Northern China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2015, 213, 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.002.

41. Wang, Q.; Shi, J.; Wang, J.; Pan, J.; Ma, F.; Zhang, R.; Tian, D.; Liu, N.; Zhou, R.; Gao, Z.; Liu, M.; Shi, R.; Niu, S. Threshold Response of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Mycelial Respiration to a Nitrogen Addition Gradient in an Alpine Grassland. Functional Ecology 2025, 1365-2435.70033. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.70033.

42. Zhang, Y.; Naafs, B. D. A.; Huang, X.; Song, Q.; Xue, J.; Wang, R.; Zhao, M.; Evershed, R. P.; Pancost, R. D.; Xie, S. Variations in Wetland Hydrology Drive Rapid Changes in the Microbial Community, Carbon Metabolic Activity, and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2022, 317, 269–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.11.014.

43. Jia, Z.; Li, P.; Wu, Y.; Yang, S.; Wang, C.; Wang, B.; Yang, L.; Wang, X.; Li, J.; Peng, Z.; Guo, L.; Liu, W.; Liu, L. Deepened Snow Cover Alters Biotic and Abiotic Controls on Nitrogen Loss during Non-Growing Season in Temperate Grasslands. Biol Fertil Soils 2021, 57 (2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-020-01514-4.

44. Wang, J.; Quan, Q.; Chen, W.; Tian, D.; Ciais, P.; Crowther, T. W.; Mack, M. C.; Poulter, B.; Tian, H.; Luo, Y.; Wen, X.; Yu, G.; Niu, S. Increased CO₂Emissions Surpass Reductions of Non-CO₂Emissions More under Higher Experimental Warming in an Alpine Meadow. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 769, 144559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144559.

45. Xue-Yuan Z.; Cui-Ping G.; Jing-Lei T.; Yi Z.; Lei T.; Guo-Dong H.; Hai-Yan R.; Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Management and Utilization, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China. Responses of soil CH₄and CO₂flux to warming and nitrogen addition during freeze-thaw cycles in a desert steppe of Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2024, 48 (10), 1291–1301. https://doi.org/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0040.

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理加優秀科研成果支持基金

　　獎勵基金名稱

　　理加優秀科研成果支持基金

　　目的與意義

　　北京理加聯合科技有限公司是一家專注于生態環境科學研究的專業公司。我們代理、研發、生產和銷售高品質的生態環境儀器，并為客戶提供卓越的售后服務。為了更好地支持科研人員的科研與創新工作，同時提升企業在科研服務與社會回饋方面的品牌形象，我們于2021年設立了為期三年的公益性質的第一期獎勵基金，取得了良好的公益成果，為科研服務貢獻了一份微薄的力量。為了更好的服務和回饋社會，現決定設立第二期獎勵基金。

　　獎勵期限

　　三年（2025-2027年）

　　獎勵辦法及獎勵條件

　　1. 使用理加公司自主研發生產的儀器，并在文章中明確注明儀器生產廠家、名稱及型號（要求詳見第五條）；

　　2. 文章需在獎勵期限（2025-2027年）內發表；

　　3. 文章要求：限中文核心期刊及 SCI 收錄期刊；

　　4. 本獎金獎勵文章的第一作者，由第一作者申請本獎金，如有多個共同第一作者，請自行協調獎金歸屬和分配事宜；

　　5. 獎勵標準：

　　1) 國內核心期刊1000元/篇；

　　2) SCI收錄期刊：影響因子10以下（不含 10），獎勵2000元/篇；影響因子10及以上，獎勵 5000 元/篇；

　　3) 中文核心期刊目錄及 SCI 影響因子，以上一年度公布的數據為準；

　　4) 文章見刊為準；

　　獎勵產品型號及公司名稱

　　（一）本基金適用于 LICA 自主研發生產的以下產品：

　　1.LI-2100全自動真空抽提系統/ LI-2100 Automatic Cryogenic Vacuum Distillation Water Extraction System

　　2.LI-2200全自動真空抽提系統/ LI-2200 Automatic Cryogenic Vacuum Distillation Water Extraction System

　　3.SF-3500/SF-9000/PS-9600/PS-3000系列/PS-9000/PS-2000系列土壤溫室氣體通量監測系統/ Soil Greenhouse Gas Flux Monitoring System

　　4.IRIS激光雷達高光譜機載系統/ LR1601高光譜一體機 LR1601 Airborne Hyperspectral Lidar Combined System/ 300L2高光譜機載系統 300L2 Aieborne Hyperspectral System/ 300TC高光譜機載系統 300TC Airborne Hyperspectral Compact System

　　5.IRIS植物表型測量系統/HPPA高光譜植物表型系統 Hyperspectral Plant Phenotype System

　　6.IRIS日光誘導葉綠素熒光觀測系統/ iSIF Solar induced fluorescence monitoring system

　　7. HS1000/HS2000高光譜傳感器/ Hyperspectral Sensor

　　（二）公司名稱：

　　北京理加聯合科技有限公司

　　Beijing LICA United Technology Limited.

　　獎勵產品型號及公司名稱

　　文章第一作者提交申請，經獎勵基金評審組評審通過后，獎金將在一個月內發放。

　　其它事項

　　1. 獲獎者須自行承擔相應的所得稅;

　　2. 該政策解釋權歸本公司所有。